Virginia Henderson’s Need Based Theory and Implications

Virginia Henderson’s Need Based Theory and Implications Virginia Henderson’s Need Based Theory and  Practice Implications Katherine Rose Virginia Henderson’s Theory of Principles and Practice of Basic Nursing Care According to Nicely and DeLario (2010) Virginia Henderson’s theory, Need Based, which is derived from the Principles and Practice of Nursing is a grand theory that focuses on nursing care and activities of daily living. This theory is appropriate to my future practice setting as a Family Nurse Practitioner within the Emergency Department or Fast Track/Urgent Care setting. This theory is applicable within this setting since â€Å"meeting patient needs in the areas of respiration, nutrition, elimination, body mechanics, rest and sleep, keeping clean and well groomed, controlling the environment, communication, human relations, work, play, and worship (Masters, 2015, p. 384), as these will be advanced nursing care areas that I will need to promote for my patients basic needs. Henderson’s Background and Theory Development Virginia Henderson, born in 1897, was a world renowned Nurse educator, researcher and author of many nursing textbooks whose career spanned 60 years; considered by many as the modern day Florence Nightingale (Masters, 2015). A profound change occurred in her life which was around the time of WW one, during this time her nursing experience evolved while in school which resulted in obtaining a bachelors and a masters in nurse education (Masters, 2015). This experience was able to help her see a vision for basic nursing care with patient focus on patient independence with activities of daily living (ADLs), being the basis of her framework and practice. Henderson became a professor at Yale University where she wrote many nursing textbooks that emphasized nursing care, studies, principles and practice (Masters, 2015). She was able to define her personal nursing theory and create the theory that focused on basic nursing care and patients ADL’s. Encouraged by her nursing research she was able to speak around the world and focused on an international approach for better patient care (Masters, 2015). According to Masters (2015) Virginia Henderson received several honorary degrees during her respectable nursing career which included the Christiane Reimann Prize from the International Council of Nursing. Possible Reference for Theory Due to Virginia Henderson being an author she received a position collecting, reviewing and chronicling every nursing research that has been published allowing her to write volumes on nursing research and studies (Vera, 2014a). This may have allowed her to come up with analytical applications on what nursing was and could have drawn her strengths and assumptions from her review of researched material. Some may say that Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs was the reference to her theory as the needs are somewhat similar of what actions or roles one may be or need assistance with in order for independence and wellbeing. Phenomenon of Nursing and Common Problems The common problems of Virginia Henderson’s need based theory, this theory outlines the 14 components of fundamental nursing care and interventions that patients have or use as part of their independence and ADLs (Masters, 2015). As a future APRN the common problems that are resolved are 14 components that maintain the patient’s physical functions, safety and maintaining a sense of wellbeing and finding oneself in relation to where they see themselves in life (Masters, 2015). Deductive Reasoning for Theory Virginia Henderson utilized scientific method which is considered deductive reasoning to come up with the needs based theory. Deductive reasoning allows for an inquiry decision to arrive at a solution to an issue, an action – reaction system where there is a cause to a component there will be an effect on the component, with independence on its own essence with or without external circumstances (Masters, 2015). According to Masters (2015), Virginia Henderson’s utilized the physical, emotional and mental (psychological components) to deductively arrive to this theory even though she did not intend to imply a new nursing theory; the theory is in relation to Maslow’s theory though Henderson was not aware but the 14 sub-concepts relate and coincide with Maslow’s. Explanation, Definition and Interpretation of Concepts and the Four Metaparadigms Henderson made an assumption of her work that it was not a nursing theory so she did not fully identify her concepts but researchers were able to come up with concepts from her work that actually follow the common metaparadigm’s of nursing which she included within her definition of nursing. According to Masters (2015), Virginia â€Å"did not intend to develop a theory of nursing, she did not develop the interrelated theoretical statements or operational definitions necessary to provide theory testability (p. 390)†. Concepts include person, environment, health and nursing. Person is defined â€Å"as the patient who is composed of biological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual components (Masters, 2015, p. 387)†. These compositional segments are not separate entities but help to assist the nurses towards interventions for the 14 components of care, the person and family are not separate either but are considered a whole item (Masters, 2015). Virginia Hende rson was able to keep all concepts of theory and definition consistent throughout since they overlapped and interrelated with each other to include a whole person aspect. Environment is important to a person’s perception of health and wellbeing but can also affect a person’s physical as well as mental wellbeing. Henderson identified a person’s environment as external elements that help to mold and shape an organisms life and physical change; three areas of environment that are important are biological, physical and behavioral (Masters, 2015). Biological includes anything that is living and breathing organism, such as flora and vertebrate, physical components like basic elements for life such as the sun, elemental chemicals and compounds. Both physical and biological elements work harmoniously together in symbiosis, when something changes it affects the whole ecological system and puts a strain on the symbiotic relationship of the physical and biological environment (Masters, 2015). Behavioral health influences the person and is the last component of environment; influencers include socioeconomic elements, political, cultural, and spiritual aspects. Health was not a component of Henderson concept that was clearly defined but Henderson did imply that health was in relation to one’s independence (Masters, 2015). Basically, the 14 components of basic needs relate to the persons health as health relates to independence with activities of daily living. Nursing is very clearly defined by Virginia Henderson and she has one of the best known definitions of nursing. According to Virginia Burggraf (2012) Virginia Henderson defined nursing as: the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible. As for advanced practice nursing fields Virginia Henderson was a proponent for nurses to be independent practitioners she may have not wanted full practice independence as she was not for nurses taking on what she perceived as physician duties such as diagnosis, treatment, and making judgment calls (Masters, 2015). Proposition of Concepts Masters (2015) suggest that nurses are viewed as a helper, assistant and companion to a patient’s health role and wellbeing. The relationship aspect is that when a patient is sick the nurse helps the patient to get better and recover, while the patient is in rehabilitation role the nurse assists the patients in achieving independence. Lastly the nurse is a companion during planning of care, goal setting, and preventive maintenance initiatives. Assumptions of Needs Theory According to Masters (2015) there are seventeen assumptions of the Needs theory that were implicated from Henderson’s theory they include: Nurses must assist people with illnesses; nurses must collaborate within an interdisciplinary team and become independent professionally from the physician; 14 concepts of nursing describe patient needs and complete nursing functions; goals are achieved with a symbiotic relationship between patient and nurse with health promotion as the nurses main goal; patient and family are one with mind and body being one within the person; assist patient with independence while the patient controls their physiological and psychological harmony; people function in health at all times and must maintain independence and relationships; people maintain health status with knowledge and awareness; illness effects environment conditions and nurses should maintain a safe environment; nurses must be culturally competent and must maintain best practice methods wh ile relying on evidence-based research methods. As explained above the four major concepts were defined by Virginia Henderson that also describes the four metaparadigm’s as Henderson theory is the foundation of nursing practice. Henderson theory does include sub-concepts which will be explained. These 14 sub-concepts are: normal respiration, proper nutrition and hydration, waste elimination and management, mobility for posture maintenance, sleep and relaxation, proper appearance and grooming, thermoregulation through external factors, safe environment and preventive injury, communicate emotional concerns and distress, spiritual worship, career leading to achievement, recreational activities, and utilization of health resources and using healthcare facilities (Vera, 2014b). These are all relevant elements to an APRN as these can be used within assessment towards finding the patient’s independence level and to assess patient’s assistance in obtaining or maintaining activities of daily living for basic needs (Mas ters, 2015). Theoretical Clarity and Applicability Virginia Henderson theory is very easily understandable and covers a broad range of nursing especially the APRN as independence was a goal for Henderson’s nursing goal besides patient’s health promotion. The definition of nursing is clear and very lucid and applicable to her assumptions and components of theory. Since it was not her motive to come up with a nursing theory consistency within the theory is adequate though death is not clarified as she maintains that nurses should be there for patient death and comfort but no suggestion as what one must do or grief assistance with the family and patient. Theory Sub-concepts in Practice and Guidance of Nursing Actions Utilizing Virginia Henderson’s basic needs theory and its 14 concepts will be beneficial in my practice as a new Family Nurse Practitioner. As I would like to work within the emergency department, putting into action clinical provider interventions would lead to examples such as: concept of breathing normally would lead me to administer my patient oxygen with an Albuterol treatment and treat with intravenous Solu-Medrol. Eating and drinking appropriately, proper nutrition is vital for diabetes management, weight management, heart health, wound healing, autoimmune disease, and patients overall health. Body waste removal, imbalanced removal of body waste can indicate if there is an organism illness such as C. difficile, being aware of normal elimination methods and treating with antifungals and antibiotics with probiotic treatment for maintenance for good gut health. Movement and mobility, it is important to maintain my patients independence so splinting fractures from sports injuries, or advising low impact exercise and flexibility exercises to arthritic and osteoporosis patients are crucial to my practice development. Sleep and relaxation is important sub-concept of Henderson theory, maintaining my patients sleep rhythm and patterns by decreasing external stimuli while my patient is in the ED at night, and providing privacy and comfort during the day and more importantly at night will allow a calmer and more enhanced patient experience. Dressing appropriately is important to the patient’s perception of physical self and wellbeing. Being able to dress independently is an important ADL, within the ER this can be seen when patient is able to wear a gown and apply it on themselves without assistance, providing them time to dress themselves without being an inconvenience to acuity. Body temperature regulation is important to the patient’s physical health, if a patient can not regulate their temperature heat blankets or mechanical regulated blankets like a Bair hugger can be applied to maintain proper thermoregulation. Clean body and protection of the skin, importance of promoting proper body hygiene and infection prevention practices and isolation procedures for my fellow employees and nurses and educate them to teach patients as well as family upon entering the ED and seeing the patient. Avoiding a dangerous environment, it is important to teach staff to transport patients within the ED and to other areas of the hospital is important for their physical health. Properly utilizing body mechanics, identifying fall risk patients intervening by locking bed and wheelchair wheels when necessary and maintaining a clean uncluttered patient room and hallway environment for patient safety. Communication with others about feelings, it is important to use interpersonal and therapeutic communication and as a future APRN it is vital for me to actively listen to my patients and fellow team. Being able to empathize with a patient can open up to psychiatric, emotional and social traumas one may have occurred during an assessment history intake and being able to empathetically listen while making a proper medical judgement call is important for patients wellbeing. Spiritual worship is important to the person’s mental and emotional wellbeing. As an APRN allowing others cultural and spiritual options influence their medical decision needs to be respected and nurtured as vital for the patients and families. Assimilation into the healthcare system that may or may not nurture their spiritual/cultural decision. This will increase my spiritual/cultural competence. Work that increases oneself worth, important for patients mental health, leads to feelings of independence. Allowing one to continue their work and hobby benefits them to feel independent and able to fulfill their ADL’s. So maintaining ones finger after a work related accident by suturing and referral or assistance with a plastic surgeon is important knowledge to maintain in allowing ones independence. Recreation activities benefits the patients physical health, some patients come to the ED after a sports injury so maintaining a sprain ankle by wrapping it and teaching the patient to utilize crutches and slowly introduce low impact, low weight bearing exercise while teaching proper NSAID administration is important in preserving my patients future recreational activities. Normal health development and its resources, when I become a new APRN learning the different patients and diagnosis I see and utilizing a cohesive interdisciplinary team who is more knowledgeable as a resource is important for best practices towards the patient for their optimum health. Conclusion Virginia Henderson’s needs theory is applicable to many disciplines of nursing with various practice scopes. Utilizing this theory and putting it into action within practice is very adaptable and allows one to reflect on their nursing competency when it involves maintaining a person’s health promotion and independence level. As stated by Masters (2015) with Henderson’s philosophy of applying best practice methods which involve evidence-based research, advanced practice application of theory can be a foundation for their nursing process. References Burggraf, V. (2012). Overview and summary: The new millennium: Evolving and emerging nursing roles. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 17(2). doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol17No02ManOS Masters, K. (2015). Models and theories focused on nursing goals and functions. In J. B. Butts, K. L. Rich (Eds.), Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (2nd ed., pp. 377-407). Burlington, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Nicely, B., DeLario, G. T. (2011). Virginia hendersons principles and practice of nursing applied to organ donation after brain death. Progress in transplantation, 21(1), 72-77. Vera, M. (2014). Virginia henderson The first lady of nursing. Retrieved from http://nurseslabs.com/virginia-henderson/ Vera, M. (2014). Virginia henderson’s nursing need theory. Retrieved from http://nurseslabs.com/virginia-hendersons-need-theory/

A Summary of Leadership and what it entails

At one degree a leader is the individual who non merely influences what happens but is able to do things go on by originating alterations, forming how alteration happens and doing all the necessary constructions, determinations and activities meaningful. But, accepting this position of leading should n't intend that we manipulate co-workers and alter their behaviour to suit our prearranged norm. It does intend that to be an effectual leader we need to be able to give co-workers a sense of apprehension of what they are really making in the school. In seeking to clear up leading in simple footings – it is utile to sum up some of the common traits that characterize effectual leaders.A This sort of sum-up can be divided into specific countries and include how leading has to be concerned with: a sense of duty the demand to finish undertakings being willing and able to take hazards holding the capacity to manage emphasis Bing able to act upon and organize the attempts of co-workers.Leadership manners and functionsLeadership has to be about edifice and keeping a sense of vision, civilization and interpersonal relationships every bit good as affecting direction issues that include the coordination, support and monitoring of our schools as organisations. We have to be able to equilibrate both functions. There is a utile statement from an infant caput instructor in an article calledA Effective School Leadership, published by the NCSL: ‘Leadership is about holding vision and articulating, telling precedences, acquiring others to travel with you, invariably reexamining what you are making and keeping on to things you value. Management is about the maps, processs and systems by which you realize the vision. ‘ What is of import about our manner of leading is that it needs to be appropriate for what is go oning and for the undertakings or procedures that are taking topographic point. All manners of leading have to take into history, foremost, how to finish undertakings and, secondly, what is the best manner to finish them. This is the procedure that everyone goes through in footings of effectual squads and relationships between co-workers. Tasks will non be completed decently by co-workers who are non motivated. There is a helpful step that tries to equilibrate undertakings and procedures utilizing four different manners of leading depending on how of import the undertakings are, or how of import squad work and the relationships between co-workers are: Stating co-workers what to doA – this is high on acquiring undertakings finished and low on developing and prolonging relationships and squad work. Selling an thought to colleaguesA – once more, this is high on undertakings but besides means that relationships are of import because a certain sum of understanding is necessary. Carrying co-workers to participateA – this is comparatively low on undertakings as the most of import facet of this manner of leading is to acquire co-workers working efficaciously together. Delegating to colleaguesA – this is low on undertakings and low on relationship and is a mature manner in a school with committed and effectual squads. Leaderships are able to confidently delegate undertakings to co-workers who themselves will hold to make up one's mind what leading manner to utilize. There are fundamentally, two sorts of functions necessary for a leader. One derives from the place held – you as caput instructor, your deputy or adjunct caput and so on. The other from personal abilities and see – many of these abilities are included in the earlier list of leading, interpersonal and professional accomplishments for leading. Having the ability and expertness and utilizing all the available accomplishments will intend that you and, in fact, any leader at any degree in the school ‘s hierarchy has the of import function of: calculating what needs making be aftering how to make it forming what needs to be done deputing undertakings to allow co-workers, squads and working parties coordinating and commanding what happens Monitoring and measuring its success.Leadership at many degreesIn many ways we are merely every bit good as all the remainder of the leaders we have in topographic point. This is mostly because leading has to be exercised at many degrees. All instructors are, for illustration, leaders in their ain schoolrooms because the existent procedure of instruction is about act uponing, directing, puting marks, utilizing appropriate resources and monitoring and evaluating successes. As instructors develop their accomplishments they will get down to take co-workers as course of study coordinators. Their functions, like ours, will affect people, information and determinations. In schools – all our schools – we will necessitate to take and advance leaders and leading along the undermentioned lines: Associating good to peopleA – this is where you have to move as a sort of front man and speak at maps such as meetings with parents. At the same clip you will be choosing, back uping, preparation, mentoring, monitoring and actuating co-workers you work aboard. Using information to take and raise standardsA – there is a changeless demand to supervise, fact happen and measure state of affairss by roll uping every bit much information as possible from persons, squads of instructors and from paperss and studies. Once the information is collected it has to be used to pull off alteration and to raise criterions by being disseminated and communicated to whoever needs it. This will intend clear and articulate meetings, written memos, well-managed treatments, studies and policy paperss. Leadership and determination makingA – all leaders have to take determinations and all facets of leading involve determination devising. Some determinations are instant statements, for illustration those affecting wellness and safety and hazard appraisal. Many others, nevertheless, will affect audience and consensus. This means meetings and meetings mean co-workers who may necessitate converting that alteration – and most determinations are related to alter – has to go on. In fact working with co-workers and taking them forward is far from easy. We all need to do certain that we place a high premium on the human dimension of leading and the demand to acknowledge and advance non merely the development of our ain considerable accomplishments but those of all our co-workers. Possibly stoping as I started will organize a orderly circle. But instead than utilize a glib definition of leading Lashkar-e-Taiba ‘s quotation mark from Ibsen who suggests that, ‘a community is like a ship and everyone ought to be prepared to take the helm ‘ .School ContextAn Elementary School with about 500 pupils described largely as helter-skelter and ailing organized school with no activities, development or any mission. The school is located in a freshly decentralized territory where a popularly elected council of parents, community members, instructors, and decision makers decides on the principal ‘s contract, approves the budget, and passes the school betterment program. The aim is to make a clime that will promote both pupils and instructors to hold a clear mission focused on a uninterrupted betterment in all Fieldss of the school life. As the new rule I will make my best to see hallways that are safe and orderly, categories that are more interesting and piquant, every bit good as programs going accomplished.Plan/Changes/MethodologyBefore get downing the alteration procedure, go familiar with the school betterment rhythm, the phases of the alteration procedure, and alteration theoretical accounts associated with each. Leaderships must be able to separate between the school betterment rhythm and the alteration procedure, find where the school is located within the alteration procedure, and place appropriate following stairss. Learn more about the complexnesss of the alteration procedure by reading, speaking with adept practicians, and go toing seminars. Accept the alteration procedure as a positive experience to be understood and embraced, instead than a negative experience to be feared and avoided. When you are ready to get down the school betterment procedure, bring in alteration experts and facilitators to construct the capacity of school staff to take alteration attempts. It is of import to pull upon the expertness and accomplishments of university module, cardinal office forces, external advisers, professional staff developers, and others. Lead treatments about the school ‘s â€Å" history of alteration † in order to understand how and why past alteration attempts have succeeded or failed. Learn about the functions that principals, instructors, cardinal office staff, parents, board members, and others involved in functioning kids and young person drama in the school betterment procedure, and utilize this cognition to organize effectual school betterment squads. School leaders should understand and cultivate their functions and the functions that others play within betterment enterprises. To construct a more collaborative school civilization, institute module survey groups and cross-grade or section squads and supply clip for collegial work. Build committedness and a collaborative civilization to back up the alteration procedure by being a â€Å" leader of leaders, † holding and pass oning high outlooks, and showing assurance in school staff and the environing community. Form partnerships with parents, concerns, and societal service and community bureaus to consolidate resources and run into the full scope of pupil demands – emotional, societal, and academic – in order to better pupil acquisition. Create high-achieving acquisition environments by choosing and incorporating a assortment of plans to better instruction and acquisition. Establish and follow a set of guidelines for implementing new attacks to student acquisition. Reflect on your leading patterns utilizing leading manner stock lists, studies, and/or checklists. Use a assortment of methods to observe success ; for illustration, some schools have used the undermentioned activities to observe success: Planing squads have repasts together at the terminal of the twelvemonth to reexamine advancement and celebrate success. Principals send out praises and notes that celebrate success. Schools clasp assemblies to acknowledge non merely the success of pupils but of their squads. The chief base on ballss out java cups with the school logo to acknowledge instructors and squads that have been peculiarly successful. The school betterment procedure takes topographic point in three phases: induction, execution, and institutionalization. Knowing about the challenges and jobs every bit good as the success factors associated with each phase of the alteration procedure can increase the likeliness of success. Initially, some members of the school community – including school staff – may be loath to alter. School leaders, through their actions and words, can get the better of such reluctance by honoring risk-taking and encouraging school community members to offer new thoughts and schemes. If reforms are to better larning for all pupils, leaders must happen and implement meaningful course of study and effectual instructional plans for an progressively diverse pupil population. To guarantee that reforms do non overlook full groups of pupils, leaders must understand the civilization and demands of diverse pupils. Without a focussed attempt to aline and incorporate school betterment enterprises, the likely consequence will be fragmented, uncoordinated plans and activities that may hold conflicting aims. It is up to school leaders to make a shared vision and mission for school betterment, to organize assorted alteration attempts so that they work together toward similar aims instead than against one another, and to guarantee that these attempts reach for the common end of improved acquisition for all pupils. Leaderships of betterment attempts need to turn to the jobs of resources ( clip, money, and support ) , the demand to develop and retain knowing and motivated forces, and the challenge posed by the switching ends of the cardinal office, the province, and the local community. Leaderships should be wary of mismanaged understanding. Everyone in a group agrees to a determination – even though no 1 in the group supports the determination – because they are unwilling or unable to pass on their reserves ; it besides refers to a state of affairs in which everyone in the group agrees about a job that must be solved, but no one actively pursues schemes or actions to cover with the job. Therefore, leaders must foster squads that are able to pass on and work out jobs openly. Now that the school has identified the assorted constituents of its betterment program, the undertaking is to convey everything together into a consistent plan of patterns that will turn to its identified demands and ease the betterment procedure. The program must besides include all necessary execution information ( e.g. , who is responsible, timeline ) . Some territories or provinces have a needed format for schools ‘ action program. For those that do n't, this activity helps participants reflect on the most appropriate format to back up their alteration attempt. There is no â€Å" best † layout for an action program. Depending on the nature and demands of different schools and depending on any province or local demands by which they must stay, the manner in which their action programs are laid out will differ. The primary intent of the action program is to be a utile tool for steering school staff in implementing agreed-upon effectual patterns and support activities. Having a clear and comprehensive action program helps guarantee the effectivity and efficiency of a school ‘s betterment attempts. Developing and implementing a school betterment program is an iterative procedure ; if a program is to be effectual, betterment attempts must be on-going and uninterrupted, their consequence reviewed and documented in the class of execution. Having all improvement-related information in one complete papers provides a clear image of the full betterment enterprise, its ends, and how all patterns and support activities are intended to suit together in traveling the school toward those ends. This helps prevent atomization of attempt and, over clip, makes it easier to place countries of failing or incompatibility. Having one comprehensive papers besides makes updating information and maintaining path of execution activities much easier. Using an electronic templet can be particularly helpful for easy updating the program.Memoranda – LetterssBelov ed Parents:I wanted to take a minute to present myself to you.A As you are likely cognizant, I am the new Principal at Elementary School.A I am honored that this community/school territory has chosen me to take the Elementary School.A Although I merely started a few yearss ago, it is already evident to me that this is a lovingness and welcoming environment.A I am looking frontward to run into your kid ( kids ) on the first twenty-four hours of school.A I feel that my duty as the Principal is to guarantee your kid receives a quality instruction within a safe, respectful environment.A I know the staff here portions that same focus.A I am a house truster in the home/school connection.A Please experience free to reach me at the school with any inquiries, concerns, or merely to present yourself.A Working together merely enhances your kid ‘s educational experiences.A As a affair of concern, I ask that you please be understanding as we continue to work to guarantee a safe school environment.A Your kid ‘s safety is our first concern at dismissal/arrival. To this terminal, we ask that you follow the initial modus operandis outlined in the parent missive you late received with your kid ‘s category assignment.A These modus operandis may alter somewhat as we begin the twelvemonth and find the figure of kids being picked up by their parents.A Besides, the territory has enacted a policy sing altering your kid ‘s normal dismissal routine.A If you need to alter your kid ‘s agencies of transit place, this must be done in authorship by 1pm.A Telephone petitions will non be honored.A I understand this is a alteration from old years.A However, this policy helps to guarantee a safe dismissal.A If you have any inquiries sing this, delight name us. I hope your enjoy the staying yearss of summer vacation.A We will see everyone on August 30th.A Respectfully, PrincipalBeloved Teachers/Students:I would wish to take this chance to present myself and portion my exhilaration about my assignment as the new principal at Elementary School.A Elementary had a repute of excellence and I feel fortunate to be fall ining a school civilization focused on pupil acquisition, a committedness to high outlooks, invention and collaboration.A It is my purpose to go on to transport out these of import traditions and practices.A I would wish to construct on the same repute here at Elementary and ask for you to assist us find what is best for your kid by go toing monthly forenoon javas, parent conferences and academic events. I would wish to portion some information about my educational background and professional experience.A After graduating from XYZ School, I attended ABC University.A While at ABC, I studied Shakespearean Theater.A After having my Bachelor ‘s grade in Elementary Education, I attended XXX University where I earned a Masters in Education-Reading Specialist.A I taught for 10 old ages in New York before my move to Galveston.A I spent five old ages learning in Galveston while besides prosecuting my enfranchisement in Educational Leadership.A I have spent the last 15 old ages in XXX company as an decision maker. I look frontward to be a portion of a warm and caring school environment and working together with each of you this year.A Please experience free to name or halt by for a visit.A If you have inquiries or concerns, pleased do non waver to reach me. Sincerely, Principal

Instant Solutions for English Regents August 2017 Essay Samples in Easy to Follow Step by Step Detail

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10 Grammatical Mistakes You Can Avoid When Speaking Spanish

Unless youre something other than human, theres no way to learn and use a foreign language without making your share of mistakes—and getting caught at it. With expectations that you would rather learn of your mistakes in the privacy of your home rather than being corrected, here are 10 fairly common Spanish grammatical errors, grouped in no particular order, that you should try to avoid. Key Takeaways Remember that Spanish and English, despite their similarities, dont always structure sentences in the same way.Short words—including prepositions—are more likely to trip you up than long ones.Mistakes are inevitable—just do your best, and native Spanish speakers are likely to appreciate your effort. Using Unnecessary Words Using buscar para instead of buscar to mean to look for. Buscar is best translated to seek, which like buscar is not followed by a preposition. Correct: Busco los dos libros. (I am looking for the two books.)Using un otro or una otra to mean another. The indefinite article isnt needed in Spanish. Neither is one needed before cierto, which can mean a certain. Correct: Quiero otro libro. (I want another book.) Quiero cierto libro. (I want a certain book.)Using un or una when stating someones occupation. The corresponding word, a or an, is required in English but not used in Spanish. Correct: No soy marinero, soy capità ¡n. (I am not a mariner, I am a captain.)Wrongly using days of the week. Days of the week are usually used with the definite article (singular el or plural los), and it isnt necessary to say that an event happens on a certain day. Correct: Trabajo los lunes. (I work on Mondays.) Errors With Prepositions Ending a sentence in a preposition. Although some purists object, its quite common to end sentences in English with prepositions. But its a no-no in Spanish, so youll need to recast the sentence to make sure the prepositions object comes after the preposition. Correct:  ¿Con quià ©n puedo comer? (Whom can I eat with?)Using the wrong preposition. The prepositions of English and Spanish dont have one-to-one correspondence. Thus a simple preposition such as in in English might be translated not only as en but also as de (as in de la maà ±ana for in the morning), which typically is translated as of or from. Learning proper usage of prepositions can be one of the most challenging aspects of learning Spanish grammar. A lesson in prepositions is beyond the scope of this article, although you can study some of them here. Correct: Le compraron la casa a mi padre. (They bought the house from my father, or, depending on the context, they bought the house for my father) Es malo con su espos a. (He is mean to his wife.) Mi coche chocà ³ con su bicicleta. (My car ran into his bicycle.) Se vistià ³ de verde. (He dressed in green.) Other Grammatical Errors Wrongly using quien in relative clauses to mean who. In English, we say the car that runs but the boy who runs. In Spanish, we usually use que to mean both that and who. There are a few instances, beyond the scope of this lesson, in which quien can be used to mean who, but in many of them que can also be used, so que is usually the safer choice. Correct: Mi hija es alumna que estudia mucho. (My daughter is a student who studies a lot.)Forgetting to make the cientos portion of numbers feminine when required. We say cuatrocientos treinta y dos to say 432 to refer to a masculine noun but cuatrocientas treinta y dos when referring to a feminine noun. The distinction is easy to forget because of the distance between the number and the noun being referred to. Correct: Tengo quinientas diecisà ©is gallinas. (I have 516 hens.)Using possessive adjectives when referring to body parts and articles of clothing. In English, we usually refer to a persons body parts or clothing using possessive ad jectives. But in Spanish, the definite article (el or la) is used when the person to whom the body part or item belongs to is obvious. Correct:  ¡Abre los ojos! (Open your eyes!) El hombre se puso la camisa. (The man put on his shirt.)Avoiding those redundancies that are required in Spanish but would be incorrect in English. As noted in this lesson, a redundant indirect object is sometimes required, and as this lesson points out, double (or even triple!) negatives are sometimes needed. Correct: Juan le da una camisa a à ©l. (John is giving a shirt to him.) No dijo nada. (He said nothing.)